Thursday, November 15, 2007

Where Can I Buy A Lion Cub?

Download Power Point presentation

So we went and Power Point Presentation containing information of this disease.

may download it by clicking HERE ...

hope you like

A Salute.

2 ° Poli.SM.NAT.

Friday, November 9, 2007

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Visit our Web Site

We have uploaded the Web site containing information of Cholera ...
We invite you to visit it, you'll find more information and very orderly.

CLICK HERE TO ENTER THE WEB SITE

hope you like ... Greetings



CÓLERA.SM

Friday, October 5, 2007

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Vaccines against cholera


's first live vaccine against cholera, was developed in 1885, the year in which Clua Jaime Ferrán and make the first trials for a vaccine against cholera. To this day have been investigated, tested and eliminated many vaccines for cholera, with all possible routes of administration and all possible forms of production. In the case of the vibrios injection with attenuated, inactivated, polysaccharide and tetanus. And in the case of oral vibrios also inactivated toxoids and also genetically attenuated and GMOs (genetically modified organisms). It was in mid-1980 when made the first clinical trials with two oral cholera vaccines and inactivated. Within

oral attenuated vaccines can highlight those obtained from attenuated Salmonella typhi (Ty21a) expressing the O antigen of V. cholerae Inaba has resulted only slightly immunogenic in adult volunteers with a low efficiency (25%) against infection by V. cholerae wild. Were also tested deletion mutants of V. cholerae O1, among which we highlight the first generation as the JBK 70 A - the CVD 101A - B - and 395N1. And among the second generation we 104hlyA CVD - CVD 105 and CVD 103.

Other vaccines have been tested are: cell vaccine-subunit B, which is a combination of vibrios purified inactivated and subunit B, with protection of approximately 67% and requires multiple doses. And polysaccharide conjugate vaccines have been tested in animals that show an increase in serum antibody titer, but not secretory antibodies and there is only preliminary safety data in adults.

At present and in the search for a vaccine effective, safe and cost arises against cholera vaccine CVD 103-HgR. This vaccine is marketed in Switzerland and Argentina in 1994, Peru in 1995, Canada in 1996 and Philippines in 1997. In all la indicación es para la inmunización de adultos y niños ³ 2 años frente a la enfermedad causada por V. Cholerae. Esta vacuna cumple los requisitos planteados por la Directiva del Consejo 90/220/EEC (23 Abril 1990) sobre liberación deliberada al medio ambiente de Organismos Modificados Genéticamente.

La composición cualitativa y cuantitativa de la vacuna es la siguiente: mínimo 2x10 gérmenes vivos de la cepa atenuada de Vibrio cholerae CVD 103 HgR en forma liofilizada; llevando como excipiente 21,4 mg de sacarosa, 0,6 gramos de lactosa, aspartam y sorbitol, y como tampón 2,65 gramos de bicarbonato sódico y 1,65 gramos de ácido ascórbico y 0,2 gramos de lactosa. Todo ello va presentado Double-bag with a single dose of buffer and once with the vaccine.

In clinical trials has been proven safe, with few gastrointestinal adverse reactions, but with equal incidence in the placebo group than in the vaccinated.

regard to their immunogenicity has been found a good response with the appearance of antibodies against serotype Inaba vibriocidal both American adults and children 2-9 years old Chilean, have been observed seroconversion rates in more than 90% of adults against serotype Inaba and 75% approximately compared to Ogawa, being 50-75% in children.

In clinical trials to assess effectiveness from challenge studies in volunteers has been shown that a single dose of CV103 or CVD 103-HgR has a high protection of nearly 100%, no differences were found in the vibriocidal antibody response between the groups receiving one or two doses . In these same studies have found complete protection with both CVD 103 and CVD 103-HgR, compared with moderate and severe diarrhea.

also are particularly important clinical trials in areas with endemic cholera. In fact studies have been conducted large-scale field in countries like Indonesia to determine the efficacy of a single dose of CVD 103-HgR to protect against cholera in a population naturally exposed to infection.

Therefore, and upon completion of all appropriate clinical research can be said that this is a safe and effective vaccine against cholera, especially in developed countries. The vaccine is effective against both classical and El Tor biotypes.

Thursday, October 4, 2007

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How to prevent cholera?



Cholera is an intestinal infection that is manifested by diarrhea, vomiting and cramps.

fluid loss from diarrhea and vomiting leads to dehydration which can lead to death. The infection is caused by a bacterium called Vibrio cholerae, found in dirty water or food irrigated with "black."

classic transmission mechanism is the year-to-mouth cycle, understood as the output of the infectious agent in the feces and the ingestion, usually through contaminated hands of the mother or child. Another frequent mode of transmission is ingestion of food or water, other beverages or ice, not subjected to any process of purification.

The disease occurs as outbreaks and given its exposure to eating contaminated food or drink outside the home, initially strikes more adults than children, the youngest, acquired the infection within the household when in contact with any infected adult, who may not have diarrhea but still eliminates the microbe by their feces. Therefore, to prevent cholera in children, must be avoided also in adults, following the four measures of personal hygiene and sanitation are described below:

1. Use of potable water for human consumption. Families have access to reliable water supply, get sick less diarrhea and cholera, to achieve this, we recommend the following: * Wash and disinfect
at least every six months, tanks, water tanks, cisterns and other deposits where water is stored, and keep them well covered;
* Boiling water for drinking or by chemical disinfection (chlorine or iodine), stored in clean, well covered and non-corrosive.
to chlorinate the water used:
* household bleach, add two drops to each quart of water, mixing it and letting it sit for 30 minutes before using, or
* Chlorine tablets (sulfacloramina, 9 mg.), A for each liter of water and allowed to rest one hour minimum before use.
To iodized water use 5 drops of tincture of iodine to 2 percent for every gallon of clear water or 10 drops for cloudy water. Let stand for 30 minutes before using water. If the water is dirty (cloudy), clean it before using a clean canvas so sieve to strain it and let it stand until the residue settle to the bottom of the container.

2. Sanitary disposal of garbage, including dirty diapers in sealed containers until collection or burial, and the fecal matter through drainage or latrines. Prevent fecal contamination at ground level.

3. Washing hands after defecating or changing diapers and before eating or feeding the child, with sufficient water and soap and dry thoroughly with a clean cloth or towel.

4. Food hygiene:
* Wash well, with brush, soap and water or disinfect fruits and vegetables, placing them 15 minutes in water with chlorine or iodine.
* Bake or fry food thoroughly and eat them as soon as possible after preparation;
* Cover leftovers to avoid contact with flies and other insects, and keep refrigerated or hot above 60_C;
* Before cooked before eating a food, must be heated to the boiling point or more than 60_C;
* Avoid direct or indirect contact of cooked foods with raw foods;
* Do not eat food prepared or sold in unhygienic conditions.
Some risk factors in children include poor nutrition or lack of breastfeeding mother. Children under 4 months should receive only breast milk and other liquids such as water, tea (tea), juice or breast milk substitutes. The breast-fed infants ill two and half times less than those fed formula. In less than 6 months the mortality decreases to 25 times, in addition, breastfeeding is safe because it avoids the use of bottles, water and milk can be contaminated.

Friday, September 14, 2007

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What are the symptoms of cholera?

signs and symptoms are usually present:
- Acute diarrhea, which at the time of maximum expression can be accompanied with a loss of 1 liter of fluid per hour.
- Foot
- Dehydration
- Vomiting

When fluid loss is severe, you may be accompanied by:
- Cramps
- hypotension (low blood pressure)
- Oliguria (urine is below normal)
- Hemoconcentration (as a result of fluid loss, blood becomes more viscous)
- Metabolic acidosis (pH of the blood becomes more acidic)
- Hypokalemia (decreased potassium levels)
- acute renal failure

Friday, August 10, 2007

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Robert Koch and his great discovery! Cholera News


Heinrich Hermann Robert Koch (1843-1910) was a German doctor. He became famous for discovering the tubercle bacillus in (1882) as well as the cholera bacillus (1883) and the development of Koch's postulates. He received the Nobel Prize for Medicine in 1905. It is considered the founder of bacteriology.

born in Prussia (in Clausthal-Zellerfeld, now Germany), was the third of 13 children. After completing his schooling, Koch studied medicine at the University of Göttingen, graduating in 1866 as a doctor in Hamburg and in Langenhagen. His career was temporarily interrupted by the Franco-Prussian war. His first discovery was the Anthrax bacillus (agent of anthrax). At that time, Louis Pasteur had already launched his theory about the role of disease germs, but this was rejected by leading pathologists. It was precisely the work of Koch on the Anthrax that convinced the skeptics that many diseases were caused by microorganisms. In 1880 he was appointed to the Imperial Health Department in Berlin, making this the most brilliant discovery, the tuberculosis bacillus.

Koch's work was to isolate the organism causing the illness and make it grow in pure culture. The pure culture was used to induce the disease in laboratory animals (guinea pig) isolated from the seeds of new diseased animals compared to the original germ.

In India, Calcutta isolates and identifies the bacillus of cholera. And thanks to him and after extensive research SCIENTIFIC contemporéneos is to come to find a way to prevent this ill yet still affects millions.

Colera.SM

Saturday, June 30, 2007

Is It Ok To Wax Upper Lip After Shower

Rethinking



http://www.slideshare.net/luism/instrucciones-para-subir-diapositivas-al-blog/1

Sunday, June 17, 2007

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my dissatisfaction.

Wednesday, June 13, 2007

Hip Arthroscopy Recovery Blog

The acquisition of awareness in the learning process: Fundamental Factor


During the last class, taught on Friday June 8, 2007, after reviewing the contributions to this blog made by classmates, and some feedback from the teacher, was a reflection that I capture all my attention the fact that may explain an event most of us know and we do, but it rarely moved to action properly, I mean the following: "Raising the level of awareness of what is done to stop acting mechanically: Innovate."

This is a subject I've been working for my contributions on the blog, so I find it of great importance, since the magnitude of the sentence: "learning is not obvious," is so great that Sometimes we fail to understand their true background.

So Is there any way to turn?, not know if the answer to this question is unique, diverse and multifactorial, but in the learning process I find it convenient to take into account the following aspects:

1 - Raise the level of awareness not only of what is done, but also that it is done;
2 - Skip the "obvious" the learning process, and;
3 - React to the inertia that keeps us passive in learning process.

In my view, these elements are essential, as well as the provision at the time to learn, and can take action to improve the learning process both personal and institutional.

Sunday, June 10, 2007

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Opening!

Today, Sunday June 10, 2007, being 23:53 pm in the city of Santiago de Chile, with the publication of this first review is formally inaugurated this blog with which I try to make a report of several scholarly works made during my studies at the Masters, and documenting in turn, certain activities and experiences raising them to leave in the various areas of my interest.

Friday, May 4, 2007

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Nearly 3,000 deaths from cholera in Angola in the last year
Janus On-line 16/01/2007 10:30

agencies
Nearly 3,000 people have died from cholera in Angola since the emergence of an outbreak of disease 11 months ago, in February 2006, as announced by the authorities. The Health Ministry said in a report which has recorded more than 69,000 cases of cholera and 2,764 deaths.
The epidemic, which started in Luanda, the capital, has spread to all but one of the African country's 18 provinces. Foreign aid agencies have distributed water dispensers, water purification tablets and soap in affected areas.

2 ° Polimodal.SM.

Friday, April 20, 2007

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What is cholera? Welcome to ColeraSM


Cholera is an acute intestinal infection caused by ingestion of food or water contaminated with the bacterium Vibrio cholerae . It has a short incubation period, from less than a day, five days, and the bacteria produce an enterotoxin that causes copious diarrhea, painless, watery that can quickly lead to severe dehydration and death if not treated promptly. Most patients also suffer vomiting.

Cholera is still a global threat and is a key indicator of the degree of social development. While not a threat to countries that ensure minimum hygiene, the disease remains a challenge for countries that fail to ensure access to safe water and adequate sanitation. Almost all developing countries have to cope with cholera outbreaks or the threat of an epidemic of the disease.

The following entries will expand more on symptoms, treatment, prevention, vector and q all have to do with this disease.

Glossary: \u200b\u200b
Enterotoxin: An enterotoxin is a poison produced by certain bacteria. The toxin is released into the intestines, causing stomach problems such as cramps and diarrhea

2 ° Naturales.SM.

Friday, April 13, 2007

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!

Good!
This is a blog created by students 2 of Natural del Colegio San Miguel (Adrogué).
You'll find information on the disease known as Cholera. See carefully selected information, images, videos, newspaper articles and more.
I hope you find it useful.
If you want you can ask for the information they want and comment on articles we publish.

Well, this is all soon be able to see all the information that we have.

Greetings.


2 ° Naturales.SM.